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- 41: Should Children Be Allowed To Testify In Court?
- ... being accepted by courts as testimony, - Social research is more commonly being applied to the issues of children's rights, - More research into adult suggestibility in accordance with reason naturally leads to more research into child suggestibility, - Children are more commonly being used as witnesses in cases where they are directly involved (i.e. sexual abuses cases), requiring the development of better ways for dealing with them as special cases. Some ... children are also described as “ Having difficulty distinguishing reality from fantasy, as being susceptible to coaching by powerful authority figures, and therefore as being potentially less reliable than adults” (Ceci & Bruck 1993). The suggestibility of child witnesses, the effects of participation on children's reports, and the effects of postevent information on a prior memory representation must be taken into account when it comes to seeking answers to the reliability of their testimony, especially because sexual abuse and sexual assault cases are a big part of children's testimony and they are often the only witness. Those psychologists who feel that children can be rated as “Highly resistant to suggestion....” etc. ...
- 42: Impact of Abuse
- Impact of Abuse The impact of sexual abuse reaches all levels of a childs emotions. These emotions and the effects are listed below: Confusion: This is usually the initial reaction of the child. They will usually question, "What is going on?" and " Is this right or wrong?". For a young child these types of questions can be an emense burden on their physcological development. Once the abuse ...
- 43: Impact Of Abuse
- Impact of Abuse The impact of sexual abuse reaches all levels of a childs emotions. These emotions and the effects are listed below: Confusion: This is usually the initial reaction of the child. They will usually question, "What is going on?" and " Is this right or wrong?". For a young child these types of questions can be an emense burden on their physcological development. Once the abuse ...
- 44: Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder
- ... of several different thought, emotional, or behavioral forms; (d) persistent symptoms of increased arousal, Particularly when exposedto stimuli concretely or symbolically reminiscent of the trauma; (e) symptoms lasting at least one month. (Famolaro, Maternal and Child Posttraumatic... 28)". Children are now becoming realized as significant sufferers of Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is particularly bad for children under the age of 11, because they lack many of the skills needed to protect themselves. Furthermore, this vulnerability is enhanced when the child is exposed to any maltreatment. According to recent studies, "Posttraumatic Stress Disorder is a common sequella of severe or chronic maltreatment of children, particularly among sexually maltreated children ( Famularo, Symptom Differences... 28)". Posttraumatic Stress Disorder can be caused if the child is exposed to just one traumatic episode (rape, witnessing a violent crime, physical abuse); However, the child will become more susceptible to Posttraumatic Stress Disorder if the maltreatment continues. Moreover, a child is most ...
- 45: Impact of Abuse
- Impact of Abuse The impact of sexual abuse reaches all levels of a childs emotions. These emotions and the effects are listed below: Confusion: This is usually the initial reaction of the child. They will usually question, "What is going on?" and " Is this right or wrong?". For a young child these types of questions can be an emense burden on their physcological development. Once the abuse ...
- 46: An Analysis Of Roddy Doyles Wr
- ... Spencer, struggles throughout the novel to gain control of the confusion her life has become. Through his use of the vernacular, detailed imagery, and stream of consciousness, Doyle is able to show the effect that abuse has on its victims. Ever since she was a child, Paula Spencer was treated with disrespect. She attended a grade school which classified her as an idiot. As Paula described it, “ All the classes are named after Irish musicians. We were just 1.6. We ... is seen throughout this novel. Doyle’s technique of writing in the vernacular is very effective in getting his point across, plain and simple. In this case, Doyle is able to effectively show the psychological abuse Paula suffered as a child and what effect it had on her. This is most likely where Paula’s disrespect for herself stemmed from, and most likely what lead to her tolerance of the ...
- 47: Sexual Abuse
- The impact of sexual abuse reaches all levels of a childs emotions. These emotions and the effects are listed below: Confusion: This is usually the initial reaction of the child. They will usually question, "What is going on?" and " Is this right or wrong?". For a young child these types of questions can be an emense burden on their physcological development. Once the abuse begins the victim experience a tremnedous conflict with their emotions. They feel pleasant due to the attention they ...
- 48: Domestic Abuse
- Domestic Abuse Throughout history many women have been victims of domestic violence. Society considered men to be superior to women because men were always in power economically, legally, and religiously. This gave men the attitude that women were inferior to them. Men harm their wives by beating them physically and abusing them emotionally. Many of these women did not report the abuse that they got from their spouses and families because they thought that no one would believe them. By becoming informed with the causes, effects, and treatments of domestic violence towards women in the United States ... help to overcome this tragic display of "affection". "Domestic violence is defined broadly as violent acts carried out by persons in a marital, sexual, parental, or care-giving role toward others in reciprocal roles. ‘Spousal abuse’ may apply to couples engaged in a sexual relationship outside of marriage. And ‘child abuse’ may be penetrated by parents, siblings, step-parents, or live-in boyfriends or girlfriends of the abused child’s ...
- 49: Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy
- ... intravenous line. Jamie's mother was arrested and diagnosed with having Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy. Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy (MSBP) is a disorder in which the parent intentionally induces or feigns illness in his/her child, commonly inducing seizures, apnea (sudden failure to breathe), infections, and many other defects by means of poisoning, smothering, and making the child ingest foreign substances (Feldman 148). The term “syndrome” was named after Karl Friedrich Freihess Von Munchausen, an 18th century figure known for telling extremely tall tales of his adventures. In 1977 an English pediatrician by the name of Meadow first described “Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy,” when he discovered that the mothers of his epileptic patients were inducing their children’s seizures. Due to the extremity of the abuse, nine percent of Munchausen victims die at the hands of their perpetrator, which is the child’s own mother ninety-eight percent of the time (Feldman 147). MSBP is a perplexing and unfathomable disorder. ...
- 50: Ritalin
- Ritalin The parents of six year old James Patrick Smith receive a phone call from the school guidance counselor informing them of their child's recent hyperactive behavior. After a short conference, the guidance counselor suggests to the parents a solution for young James' problem; as a result, the family visits their family doctor and the doctor diagnoses James ... not sure of what precisely occurs when Ritalin invades the human body. Hancock notes that no definite long-term studies exist to assure parents that Ritalin does not cause more or less havoc in their child, nor does any disease accompany prolonged usage (52). Testing results released by the Federal Drug Administration (FDA) in February 1996, show a study of mice in which a rare form of liver cancer arose as ... doctors which leaves patients and their families holding a possible "time bomb" of Ritalin. With assembly line-like characteristics, physicians turn patients in one door and out the other without conversing with teachers, reviewing a child's educational level, nor doing psychological evaluations (Hancock 52). After children use all the Ritalin given with one prescription, new prescriptions are required for additional doses (Bailey 5). Doctors as well as pharmacies benefit ...
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