BACTERIAL CONJUGATION EXPERIMENT INTRODUCTION: Bacteria, in general, reproduce asexually, but in order to increase diversity, they have developed a mechanism for transfer of genetic material from one bacterium to another. The ability to perform this transfer is conferred by a set of genes which are called F for 'fertility.' These genes exist on a small, circular piece of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) that replicates independently from the bacterial chromosome, or they can be integrated into the chromosome. The bacterium containing this gene (sometimes referred to as 'male' or F+) extends its pilus to a neighboring bacterium (sometimes referred to as 'female' or F-), and the two cells are attached. This process is called conjugation. The third manifestation of the F factor is Hfr, which is the term for the F element becoming integrated into....

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