The Sources Of Public Policy
.... legislators, and local boards and councils.
2- Court decisions interpreting statutes and constitutions, and they are binding on legislators and executives.
3- Rules and orders issued by executives and administrative agencies, for they extend and apply the statutory law in greater detail.
4- Budgets of all governments, for they set the levels and objectives of spending as well as the amounts and sources of revenue.
b. Another key source of public policy is international relations:
Some po .....
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The FBI And Its History
.... Gangster Era began after passage of Prohibition in 1920. Criminals engaged in kidnapping and bank robbery, which were not federal crimes at that time. This changed in 1932 with the passage of a federal kidnapping statute. In 1934, numerous other federal criminal statutes were passed, and Congress gave Special Agents the authority to make arrests and to carry firearms.
The FBI's size and jurisdiction during World War II increased greatly and included intelligence matters in South America. With the end o .....
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Is The Prime Minister Too Powerful?
.... and its cohesion under the convention of Collective Responsibility, ensured that the Government could maintain a united front in the face of parliamentary opposition. Within such a system, the PM could be described as 'primus inter pares' - first amongst equals - because, although he was the leading memberof the Government and its chief spokesman, it was the Cabinet rather than the PM that dominated the decision-making process.
Almost 100 years later, when Richard Crossman edited 'The Englis .....
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Articles Of Confederation
.... of movement was guaranteed, and procedures for the trials of accused criminals were outlined. The articles established a national legislature called the Congress, consisting of two to seven delegates from each state; each state had one vote, according to its size or population. No executive or judicial branches were provided for. Congress was charged with responsibility for conducting foreign relations, declaring war or peace, maintaining an army and navy, settling boundary disputes, es .....
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Solidarity-A New Hope Of Breaking Communist Ruling
.... that since the communist rule, Poland has not yet been invaded by Soviet troops as Hungary and Czechoslovakia were. There were many attempts to take complete domination over Poland, but every time it happened Polish people were rejecting it, even if it meant creating the use of violence by the government (Brown 158). In June of 1976, the prime minister of Poland whose name was Gierek, was trying to raise the prices on basic foodstuffs. The increase of prices was necessary because the government was .....
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The Effectiveness Of Local Crime Prevention Funding
.... has asked the Department of Justice to evaluate the effectiveness of local crime prevention funding. But as the preceding Chapters show, the Congress has never provided the tools needed to get the job done. Those tools include adequate funding for program evaluation, and a structure of federal program funding that permits controlled testing of crime prevention effectiveness.
In order for Congress to learn whether DOJ programs are effective, it must provide a more balanced approach to program fun .....
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Government Intervention Of The Internet
.... maintain control over this new form of communication, and they are trying to use the protection of children as a smoke screen to pass laws that will allow them to regulate and censor the Internet, while banning techniques that could eliminate the need for regulation. Censorship of the Internet threatens to destroy its freelance atmosphere, while wide spread encryption could help prevent the need for government intervention.
The Internet differs from broadcasting media in that one cannot just happen upon .....
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Nationalism: Art Of 19th Century
.... in the picture.
The military was praised in 19th century, almost all big accomplishments were made through war. During much unification throughout Europe, nationalism was at its highest peak. Such countries as France, Germany and Italy were all experiencing nationalism through people and government. "Liberty leading the people" (by Delacroix) reveals the feeling of freedom and fight for the country. People killing others, lead by one thing liberty (nationalism) in order to make their country .....
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Campaigning
.... influencing people and persuading people to vote for the best candidate. People then elect the candidate that presented himself the best during his campaign or previous seat of office. Many individuals today do not have the initiative to research a candidate's platform or his prefence on issues. Jim McKay was eventually elected with no political experience but was elected based on his good looks and communication skills. In the most recent presidential election between the incumbent Bill Clinton and B .....
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Theodore Roosevelt's Impact On The Presidency
.... Roosevelt was born in 1858 and led his life with much influence until 1919. He was an energetic man. Previous to becoming the president, he was a historian, politician, cowboy, buffalo hunter, crime fighter, reformer, and cavalryman. His active and colorful lifestyle made him famous the world over. He was given his initials, TR, to identify himself. Born into a wealthy family in New York, TR was raised to be a leader. TR was very studious. In 1876 he entered Harvard College, where he bec .....
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Federalist And Anti-Federalist Views
.... take place or should not, depending upon which group one supported. As a collective work, each side cited significant points that clearly illustrated their agendas. The Federalists, however, seem to have struck a chord more influential in the minds of the citizens. This not only because their attempts to rally a political consensus on their behalf seemed to have been a step ahead as well as more organized, but possibly more so because the Anti-Federalists failed to substantially prove that small repub .....
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Leading By Example: Drugs And The Presidency
.... This is not a responsibility that should be taken lightly, after all, only forty-two men have had a chance to do it. Negative publicity created by something such as Bush’s drug use will be broadcast to other countries. This should concern you, the reader, because the president’s image is all some foreigners know of our country. For instance, consider the disgrace brought upon the United States by the President Clinton/Monica Lewinsky scandal. This issue was the primary focus of the news for m .....
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Campaign Finance Reform
.... in return for their agreement to observe strict spending limits. (p 49)” Second, he believes there must be tighter restriction of PAC contributions. Third, bundling must be prohibited; fourth, the flow of soft money must be stopped and lastly, a reconstitution of the Federal Elections Commission (who Cox believes has not done much as an enforcement agency).
Mr. Smith argues that it costs money to communicate with the public. He says, “…from every ballot referendum to races for every office (the amou .....
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In Practise The American Colonies Were Self Governing In 1776
.... or no control ». The colonies all had a different degree of independence so that some were more or less inclined to declare independence in 1776. Connecticut and Rhode Island, the charter colonies, enjoyed considerable independence. There was an annual election for a governor and key officials including judges in Rhode Island so that there was a minimum of interference from Britain, this situation can be described as a sort of Republic. Maryland, Pennsylvania and Delaware were proprietary colon .....
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Egyptain Foreign Policy In Regards To Israel & The United States
.... promoting conflict, or perhaps a third party source, such as the US pushed them into conflict?
In 1948, the Declaration of the Establishment of the State of Israel was read by David Ben-Gurion in Tel Aviv. The Egyptians, like most of the Arab states saw this as a creation of a Western State, backed by the British Empire, and thus an imperialistic entity in the Arab homeland. Considering the past 20 years of the Egyptian state, and of most of the Arab nations, was a continual conflict again imperial .....
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