Anselm's Ontological Argument And The Philosophers
.... still ask today. Anselm answers in a step-
by-step manner, asking for confirmation along the way, until he arrives at a
conclusion with which Boso is forced to agree. This is just like Socrates'
procedure with, say, Crito.
Later philosophers have both accepted and denied the validity of
Anselm's famous ontological argument for the existence of God, presented in both
the Proslogium and Monologium. Anselm did not first approach the argument
with an open mind, then examine its components with a .....
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A Philosophy For All: An Analysis Of The Tao
.... which is applicable to political situations.
For example, if a ruler noticed an uprising of disgruntled subjects, it would be
wise of her to let them organize, or expand, and state their grievances as a
whole before she individually addressed their complaints.
Lao-tzu also uses contradiction in Ch 22,
"If you want to become whole,
let yourself be partial.
If you want to become strait,
let yourself be crooked.
If you want to become full,
let yourself be empty.
If you want to be reborn,
let yo .....
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Aristotle On Friendship
.... previously mentioned, Aristotle has identified three different types
of friendships. The first is friendship based on utility. This is a friendship
in which both parties become involved with each other for their own personal
benefit. An example would be a working relationship with an individual. These
are people who do not spend much time together, possibly because they do not
like each other, and therefore feel no need to associate with one another unless
they are mutually useful. They take pleasure .....
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Aristotle: A Comprehensive View On Nature And Society
.... of a substance); a substance does not
admit more or less (there are not degrees of a substance); and a substance can
admit contraries while remaining numerically one.
In the Physics, Aristotle addresses that which constitutes Natural
Objects as substances. He states that all Natural Substances consist of both
form and matter. Matter is that out of which the substance arises and form is
that into which the matter develops. In building a table, the wood, nails, etc.,
are the matter, and the idea of a tab .....
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Atomism: Democritus And Epicurus
.... constantly being formed, only the few
that can survive are considered the “right” combinations. These are the
combinations we recognize through our senses as being “real”, although they are
not. However, the way in which this complex motion begins is a source of
controversy and disagreement amongst the Atomists.
Democritus assumes that the atoms' motion is perpetual. The atoms are
never at rest. He presumes that their nature is to move, thereby avoiding “the
problem of explaining the origin of the .....
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Berkeley
.... Hume upheld the belief that sensible
things were composed of material substance, the basic framework for the
materialist position. The main figure who believed that material substance did
not exist is George Berkeley. In truth, it is the immaterialist position that
seems the most logical when placed under close scrutiny.
The initial groundwork for Berkeley's position is the truism that the
materialist is a skeptic. In the writing of his three dialogues, Berkeley
develops two characters: Hylas (the mate .....
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Kant: The Universal Law Formation Of The Categorical Imperative
.... requires that a maxim be universally applicable to all rational
beings. M1 succeeds in passing the first stage. We can easily imagine a world in
which paramedics always answer widows truthfully when queried. Therefore, this
maxim is logical and everyone can abide by it without causing a logical
impossibility. The next logical step is to apply the second stage of the test.
The second requirement is that a rational being would will this maxim to
become a universal law. In testing .....
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Classical Theory Structure
.... Weber implied that procedures imposed on all who fall
within their reach are formal and impersonal (Pace & Faules, 1994, p. 30-31).
In addition to these procedures, It is suggested that an attitude of discipline
is an integral part of the organization that wants to promote efficiency (Pace &
Faules, 1994, chapter 3). They are intentionally designed without attention to
personal or emotional considerations to prevent distortion of employees'
rational judgment in carrying out their assigned duties. Empl .....
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Practical Cognition
.... is relative, not only to the individual
accepting or rejecting the statement, but also to the circumstances in which
that person finds himself. Truth is relative, but Marx is not an extreme
relativist (no one to be taken seriously is) because there is a constraint to
how relative the truth can be; Humans are making the truth judgements, and
humans have a common element, viz . their needs, which do not vary greatly
between people.
Humans are in contact with nature at a fundamental level. The human
under .....
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Compare How Hobbes And Augustine Think The Condition Of War Arises And Defend One Author's Account Of `ordinary' Morality As An Antedote For It
.... humans. The love of God,
then, is the only way humans can completely satisfy all four virtues and have
eternal peace. Eternal peace is where faith, love, and hope are to be enjoyed,
such as in The City of God.
In Book XIX, Augustinian social theory summarizes the principle of
ordered harmony. This theory finds perfection in a mutual society that believes
in God. Believing in God, though, lends a problem in the simple rule of justice:
how do we give each other their due? Seemingly, war or hostili .....
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Compare Happiness And Life Between D. H. Lawrence's "You Touched Me" And
.... to you and see it
taken away.
Friedrich Nietzshe explains us a lot more his perception of life.
Unfortunately, I didn't understand most of the things he meant, but I will
explain what I think I understood. Nietzshe describes life with the help of a
man and a beast. The beast always forgets what he wants to say and what he said.
This behaviour is also called forgetfulness. He (Nietzshe) claims that [life in
any true sense is absolutely impossible without forgetfulness]. He also says
something about death. .....
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Augustine's "Confessions"
.... in this world exists apart from God.
Also, God is in control of everything in this world. “Everything takes its
place according to your law” (1.7). Augustine clearly sets forth that God is
the creator and source of everything. Not only is He the source, but he is the
reason for its continued existence. The next step Augustine takes regards the
nature of God's creation.
For Augustine, God is good, because everything He made is good. “You
are our God, supreme Good, the Creator and Ruler of t .....
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Descartes' Skeptical Argument And Reponses By Bouwsma And Malcolm
.... on mathematics as a basis for
science, because he believed mathematics and geometry to be based on some
inherent truths. He believed that it was through mathematics that we were able
to make sense of our world, and that the ability to think mathematically was an
innate ability of all human beings. This theory becomes important in Descartes'
Meditations because he is forced to explain where the mathematical ideas that he
believed we were born with came from. Having discussed Descartes' background, .....
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Hume
.... (Hume p.888) Hume states that this death is quite unusual, however it
seemed to happen naturally. He could only define it as a true miracle if this
dead man were to come back to life. This would be a miraculous event because
such an experience has not yet been commonly observed. In which case, his
philosophical view of a miracle would be true.
Hume critiques and discredits the belief in a miracle merely because it goes
against the laws of nature. Hume defines the laws of nature to be what has
be .....
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Descartes' Meditation One
.... thinking about how
their senses are deceiving them, with their feet planted on the ground, in their
bedroom, feeling a little tired and so on. Only if one was, as Descartes writes,
“..insane, whose brains are impaired by such an unrelenting vapor of black
bile..” that they believe they are something other than what they are, would one
doubt reality, without an argument. The argument is as follows: If the
experience of a dream is indistinguishable between that dream and reality; and
there is no test to d .....
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