The molecule responsible for the transformation of characteristics form one generation to the next is called DNA. The genetic material, located in the chromosomes is a combination of acid and histones. DNA is made up of units called nucleotides. Nucleotides are made up of 3 components, a five carbon sugar (deoxyribose), a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. This base can be either adenine, guanine, thymine or cytosine. There are 2 strands of nucleotides in a double-helix - they are anti-parallel, meaning they go in opposite directions. Double stranded DNA is located in the chromosome. DNA and proteins together make up chromatin which is foiled and coiled. DNA makes an ex