Is Mesopotamia a Civilization? Is Mesopotamia a civilization? Yes it was and the following will explain why it was and why it deserves the title of the cradle of civilization. The difference between Mesopotamia and the earlier societies is that they had all the elements of a civilization and so much more. They had many of the same characteristics of a society as today. They had inventions, language and a law code to abide by which is not unlike today’s civilizations. An in depth examination of the religion, inventions and the law code of Mesopotamia will prove why they were a civilization. The religion of the Mesopotamian culture was one of polytheistic beliefs.