Culture, and Arts of Argentina Argentina is a nation with a vivid Spanish heritage, soundly affected since the 19th century by European, prominently Italian, immigration. A blithesome interest is maintained in the nation's history, particularly as symbolized by the Gaucho or cowboy. Europeans also shaped literature in Argentina. In the fine arts, an example to be emulated has been France; only in folk art has there been crucial influence from Native America cultures. Any Literature in Latin America was to be written in one of the Romance languages, primarily Spanish, Portuguese, and French, from the 15th century to the present.